Falconi removals business Essay

Falconi expulsions business I will decide for them area in my general vicinity Harehills street on the grounds that is acceptable occupied spot. Is acceptable association with enormous neighborhood stores as mainland, electrical superstores. Falconi business is depending now much works them got from clients. I think Harehills territory will give those parcels neighborhood clients who moving the houses or being stuff from shop. Falconi can discover jobless individuals and give them work. Harrehills region is increasingly modest then for instance downtown area and they can safe more cash from leasing office or purchase less expensive spot for business here. The most significant point to make Falconis business isn't more expulsion organization there. They won't have simultaneousness in business. Economies of scale-are the cost favorable circumstances that a firm acquires because of extension. Diseconomies of scale are the inverse. Economies of scale might be used by any size firm extending its size of activity. The regular ones are buying administrative, monetary and advertising. Every one of these elements lessens the long normal expense (LRAC) of creation by moving the short-run normal absolute cost bend down and to one side. The nearby work power The work power is the quantity of individuals utilized and jobless. Investment rate is the proportion between the work power and the general size of their partner. In the West during the last 50% of the twentieth century, the work power interest rate expanded fundamentally, generally because of the expanding number of ladies entering the working environment. Nearby work levels-neighborhood joblessness rate may have an influence in the choice where to find. Uk at present has one of the most reduced joblessness rates in Europe. Be that as it may, joblessness isn't uniformly spread and a few pieces of the nation have significant levels of joblessness like Northern Ireland, portions of west Cornwell and the north-east of England. Compensation and pay levels-for certain organizations compensation represent a huge extent of their absolute expense so a business may choose to situate in a region of moderately low wages, Wage in south-east of England will in general be higher then in south Wales. These zones tend likewise to be regions of better than expected joblessness as laborers are quick to look for some kind of employment and are set up to acknowledge lower compensation. Proximity to clients There are a cutoff to how far clients will head out to purchase fish sticks and french fries regardless of whether they are brilliant quality. Fish and chip shops should be arranged in territory where a lot of neighborhood clients are. Debenhams will just think about finding another store in a region of generally high populace. Closeness to providers for certain organizations close to providers of key crude materials and parts might be the primary industrial facility where to find. Throughout the years a wide scope of providers have experienced childhood in zone, for example, organizations providing electrical fittings and other significant segments. Up until 1979 the uk imported the entirety of its unrefined petroleum. Verifiable purposes behind area In a territory a business might be hesitant to hesitant to migrate, with all the cost and change this includes. During the eighteenth and nineteenth hundreds of years countless ceramics and stoneware business set up in the territory on account of the accessibility of appropriate fireclay. Segment change-Over the thirty years a few pieces of the nation have encountered increments in populace as individuals move into the territory looking for work. These segment changes will significantly affect nearby the business.

The scope and application of jus cogens Dissertation

The extension and utilization of jus cogens - Dissertation Example It is the goal of jus cogens and erga omnes to advance and protect the basic interests of countries to an a lot more prominent degree than the worldwide law. These principles establish sacred guidelines that depict the essential highlights of the global lawful framework. They are additionally very powerful in deciding the way, in which worldwide law is created, protected and altered. What's more, these guidelines secure common freedoms and human rights that are key to the independence of the universal lawful framework. A standard is viewed as jus cogens after being acknowledged by the nations of the world, completely. Be that as it may, this doesn't require consistent acknowledgment. Critically, a couple of subjects of universal law, acting in seclusion or in relationship with different subjects, don't result in jus cogens; nor would they be able to veto a choice of most of countries. This exploration work demonstrates that the rule of jus cogens is procedurally ineffectual concerning the worldwide standards forbidding torment. The most ideal approach to address this issue is for the ICJ to turn out to be progressively proactive and explain, by means of its decisions, the characteristic equivocalness. What's more, a show ought to be encircled that executes the authoritative standards in a predictable way. Jus Cogens Introduction Jus cogens or authoritative standards are remarkably arranged in the chain of importance of universal law. These standards have a coupling impact upon each country, which is a significant distinction among them and customary bargain and universal laws. Furthermore, this coupling impact is free of the ability of a country to be limited by these norms.1 As such, Jus cogens can be viewed as a collection of rules, when certain major all inclusive rules that have a coupling impact upon all the States are made. Likewise, these principles ought to end up being essentially significant for the whole global network. As there is no settled universal authoritative force, actualizing able worldw ide authoritative standards has its own exceptional necessity.2 Article 53 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, empowered State Parties to execute the idea of jus cogens in positive global law; starting the use of this thought. In particular, jus cogens shields superseding interests and estimations of the comity of countries, and turns away their crumbling and specific adjustment. 3 Jus cogens, in the contemporary milieu, discovers general acknowledgment by State practice, when in doubt of the customary universal law. This examination work involves five segments. The first of these identifies with the authentic advancement of jus cogens. The subsequent area depicts the strategies for recognizing

A Border Passage Quotes and Reflections

A Border Passage-Quotes and Reflections â€Å"And I got myself irate additionally at her sister, my mom and aunties, their eyes swollen and red, getting sympathies in the spaces for ladies. For what reason would you say you are crying at this point? I thought. What’s the purpose of that? For what reason did you don't do anything to enable her this to time, why didn’t you get her out of that marriage? I thought it was their deficiency, that they could have accomplished something. On the off chance that they minded enough they could have accomplished something. That is the thing that I thought at that point. Presently I am less all out. (Ahmed, 120) - I thought this statement was significant on the grounds that it shows the job of ladies being auxiliary to men. Aida was stuck in the miserable marriage since she was a lady and her dad would not make them separate. From Ahmed’s see, as a kid, she is confounded, as most would be, with respect to why the family she tr usts so much would not help Aida however keeps on lamenting for her. She says she is currently â€Å"less categorical†.Does that mean she presently acknowledges there isn't a lot of the ladies could have done in light of the fact that they didn't have power? â€Å"For a certain something, we as a whole naturally accept that the individuals who compose and who put their insight down in writings have something more significant to offer than the individuals who just live their insight and use it to advise their lives. Also, we accept that the individuals who compose and decipher messages in writingâ€in the Muslim setting, the sheikhs and ayatollahs, who are the gatekeepers and perpetuators (culprits) of this composed form of Islamâ€must have a superior, more genuine, more profound comprehension of Islam that the vaguely prepared Muslim. (Ahmed, 128-129) - Ahmed is bringing up that the ones who examine and expound on Islam are not really the ones who realize it best. This can be applied to all religions and significantly different thoughts. Ahmed improved, more extravagant comprehension of Islam from the ladies in her family which was substantially more open since it could be applied to choices in ethical quality of regular day to day existence. This thought not simply the accomplished men think about religion is something that ought not be overlooked.In certainty we as a whole have something interesting to bring to the table regarding a matter, particularly religion and it would be valuable for the men to tune in to other’s assessments. - â€Å"What I want until further notice is hearing it live, Arabic music yet in addition other non-Western music, especially Indian, and old style instrumental Indian music as well as different assortments tooâ€table, move, mawali (euphoric melody), music of quality and network, and of crowd and artists together, and of being here, presently, in body, mind, spirit.Not a music to be acknowledged quietly, m entally, secretly and afterward talked about in connoisseurs’ mumbles as we document out. † (Ahmed, 153) †This statement truly moved me since it made me consider worldwide music contrasted with natural music. The most ideal approach to appreciate music is to feel it with loved ones around and participate in singing and moving. Furthermore, it made me wonder why don’t I do that all the more frequently with family? There’s something about it that appears to be ill-advised yet it shouldn’t be.It is persuading antiquated to have the option to hit the dance floor with a beau or sweetheart (except if improperly at a club) and it shouldn’t be, the reason has this changed? I additionally like this statement since it communicates something that Ahmed initially attempted to dismiss on the grounds that it wasn’t what was mainstream however now ached for in light of the fact that it was a piece of her way of life. - â€Å"Colonialism, we hav e seen, reshapes, frequently brutally, physical regions, social territories just as human characters. As the Caribbean writer George Lamming, put it, ‘the pioneer experience is a live encounter is the cognizance of these people’. (Looma, 155) - This statements assist us with clarifying Ahmed’s parent’s ways of life as formed by Britain. Explicitly Ahmed’s father, who keeps his Muslim religion however is completely risen in the new sciences and innovation of the Western world, discovers his personality formed by expansionism. Ahmed now thinks that its harder to form a personality with as a lot of her Cairo roots she might want. She has not gotten a similar measure of information about the language or history that her folks have and she should battle to locate her own personality.

Writing a Thesis Topic

Writing a Thesis TopicThese works of creative writing that students take on during their advanced study and develop them based on the writings of past experts. Not all writers will have the type of experience they need to deliver on such writing, which is why they are required to write thesis essays. Theses are also called dissertations because they are similar to dissertations in other areas of study. So as the name suggests, you will be writing a dissertation.If you are looking to make a mark in a subject that you love and want to have a career objective to pursue, then this type of writing is a necessity. However, if you are a high school student or a college student or even someone that has never been to college, then this type of writing is not an option. That is why theses are not required to be taken in the college or university level.It is also not recommended that you start learning to write thesis essays from the beginning of your studies. You can not have an idea of how to get your work finished in the required time. You will have to gradually learn from there and depending on the topic that you have decided on and the research that you have done already, it may be that your thesis topics will require more than one type of essay. You might also be assigned to write an essay in more than one type of subject.These are the times when you have to keep on learning how to write thesis essays, which can be quite time consuming, and that is why it is imperative that you find some sort of guide or book that will help you to complete the assignment in the required time. There are certain types of thesis topics that you can choose from and once you have a plan on how you want to write the dissertation, it will be easier for you to find the time to do so. For example, you can decide on your career objective and get ready for that, and then find the time to write your thesis.Before you start on your research, it is always better to prepare some sort of outline or plan on how you will conduct your research on the thesis topic. It is important that you have a clear idea of what you want to find out and how you will achieve this, so that you are able to write your thesis essay. This is necessary so that you can achieve the aim and objectives of your research and achieve it at the optimum time. Also, writing your thesis should not be like cramming.There are books that you can buy and read that are written on this subject, but it is not advisable that you start with these books as this would mean that you will be getting stuck at some point. Writing theses will require more than one type of outline, depending on the type of research that you have done on your topic. If you have spent years to research on this topic, then you will have to do research again in a few years to gather more information and details that will help you write an essay on the topic.You can also take help from your family and friends when you are trying to get writing done on a topic that is new to you. This will help you get ideas of how to write your thesis and provide you with tips and tricks to writing a thesis. It is always good to get someone to write a thesis for you if you can not do it by yourself and you want to have a research paper for your dissertation.

Impact of Cell Phone Uasage on Students Acedemic...

IMPACT OF MOBILE PHONE’S USAGE ON STUDENT’S ACADEMIC PERFORMACE, SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP AND SAFETY. INTRODUCTION:- Since the commercialization of cellular phones technology, the use of this communication device has rapidly increased. This technology was first introduced by Motorola in the early 1980’s (Harman, Brittney A., 2011). Today, the global cellular phone market now stands at approximately 1.8 billion subscribers, and is forecasted to reach 3 billion by the end of 2010 (Reid and Reid, 2007). The adoption of mobile phones by young generation has been a global phenomenon in recent years. This cell phone was originally created for adults for business use (Aoki Downes, 2003). It has become an integral part of adolescent’s daily†¦show more content†¦In 2005, the number of mobile phone subscribers worldwide will reach 2 billion (Deloitte Research, 2005) and in Australia will reach 19.2 million (Fisher, 2005). Various surveys worldwide have found high rates of mobile phone use amongst young people. In Norway in 1999, 80% of 13 to 20-year-olds owned a mobile phone, while i n the United Kingdom in 2001, 90% of young people under the age of 16 did so (www.capacitybuilder.co.uk). In 2003, in Italy, 56% of children aged 9 and 10-years-old owned mobile phones and of the 44% who didn’t, all expressed a desire to own one (Guardian Unlimited, 2003), and amongst teenage girls in Tokyo, the adoption rate is almost 100% (Srivastava, 2005). In Australia in 2004, a survey by iTouch found that 50,000 children aged between 5 and 9 years of age owned a mobile phone, one third of children aged 10 to 13-years old and 45% of 13 to 15-year-olds also owned the device (Allison, 2004). Surveys have consistently shown that young people even prefer their mobile phone to television or the Internet (Enpocket, 2005; Hession, 2001). It is children’s favourite method of communication (Livingstone Bober, 2005) with younger adolescents (school years 7 to 9) more attached to their mobile phones than older adolescents (school years 10 to 12) as they reported needing to return home to collect their phone if they forget it (Matthews, 2004). Young

Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller - 1343 Words

When people think of hauntings, they think of scary ghosts or spirits; things that frighten them or cause them to stay awake at night. Although that is the most common definition for the word â€Å"haunting†, it is not what is always meant by it. A person can also be haunted by memories, things, and people from the past or present. The objective of this analysis is to explain the hauntings of characters from multiple writings, and the consequences that followed. The first character is Willy Loman, in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller. Willy is haunted by many people from his past and present that he cannot seem to get out of his head. To begin with, Willy keeps having memories of his brother Ben trying to convince him that he should follow†¦show more content†¦He states, â€Å"Do you know? when he died—and by the way he died the death of a salesman, in his green velvet slippers in the smoker of the New York, New Haven and Hartford, going into Boston— when he died, hundreds of salesmen and buyers were at his funeral† (Miller 1091). Willy would probably not have been so obsessed with succeeding and being the man he used to be if he did not know about David Singleman. David’s story proved to Willy that there is still a chance, since someone has succeeded in what Willy wishes he could have. One of the consequences that Willy faced due to his hauntings was losing his mind. He lost his job because he was unable to focus and became useless to the company he was working for. Another consequence was Willy becoming suicidal. He attempted suicide multiple times, until he eventually succeeded. The consequences Willy faced not only effected him, but also his family. His wife Linda was constantly worried about him before his death, knowing that he was trying to kill himself. She states â€Å"The insurance inspector came. He said that they have evidence. That all these accidents in the last year—weren’t—weren ’t—accidents† (Miller 1081). She was living day by day, hoping he would change his mind about it, but nothing she could do was enough to keep Willy sane and alive. Another haunted character is the woman in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Gilman. She is haunted by a women she believes is trapped in the wallpaper in the room sheShow MoreRelatedDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1387 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican play-write Arthur Miller, is undoubtedly Death of a Salesman. Arthur Miller wrote Death of a Salesman in 1949 at the time when America was evolving into an economic powerhouse. Arthur Miller critiques the system of capitalism and he also tells of the reality of the American Dream. Not only does he do these things, but he brings to light the idea of the dysfunctional family. Death of a Salesman is one of America’s saddest tragedies. In Arthur Miller’s, Death of a Salesman, three major eventsRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller888 W ords   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman† is a play written by Arthur Miller in the year 1949. The play revolves around a desperate salesman, Willy Loman. Loman is delusioned and most of the things he does make him to appear as a man who is living in his own world away from other people. He is disturbed by the fact that he cannot let go his former self. His wife Linda is sad and lonely; his youngest son Biff is presented as a swinger/player while his eldest son Happy appears anti-business and confused by the behaviorRead MoreDeath of Salesman by Arthur Miller972 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play Death of a Salesman by the playwright Arthur Miller, the use of names is significant to the characters themselves. Many playwrights and authors use names in their works to make a connection between the reader and the main idea of their work. Arthur Miller uses names in this play extraordinarily. Not only does Miller use the names to get readers to correlate them with the main idea of the play, but he also uses names to provide some irony to the play. Miller uses the meanings of someRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1573 Words   |  7 Pagesrepresents a character with a tragic flaw leading to his downfall. In addition, in traditional tragedy, the main character falls from high authority and often it is predetermined by fate, while the audience experiences catharsis (Bloom 2). Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman is considered to be a tragedy because this literary work has some of the main characteristics of the tragedy genre. In this play, the main character Willy Loman possesses such traits and behaviors that lead to his downfall, and theRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller949 Words   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman can be described as modern tragedy portraying the remaining days in the life of Willy Loman. This story is very complex, not only because of it’s use of past and present, but because of Willy’s lies th at have continued to spiral out of control throughout his life. Arthur Miller puts a modern twist on Aristotle’s definition of ancient Greek tragedy when Willy Loman’s life story directly identifies the fatal flaw of the â€Å"American Dream†. Willy Loman’s tragic flaw can be recappedRead MoreThe Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller846 Words   |  4 PagesA Dime a Dozen The Death of a Salesman is a tragedy written by playwright Arthur Miller and told in the third person limited view. The play involves four main characters, Biff, Happy, Linda, and Willy Loman, an ordinary family trying to live the American Dream. Throughout the play however, the family begins to show that through their endeavors to live the American Dream, they are only hurting their selves. The play begins by hinting at Willy’s suicidal attempts as the play begins with Linda askingRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller Essay2538 Words   |  11 PagesSurname 1 McCain Student’s Name: Instructor’s Name: Course: Date: Death of a Salesman Death of a salesman is a literature play written by American author Arthur Miller. The play was first published in the year 1949 and premiered on Broadway in the same year. Since then, it has had several performances. It has also received a lot of accordances and won numerous awards for its literature merit including the coveted Pulitzer for drama. The play is regarded by many critics as the perfectRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1628 Words   |  7 PagesArthur Miller wrote the Pulitzer Prize winning play Death of a Salesman in 1949. The play inflated the myth of the American Dream of prosperity and recognition, that hard work and integrity brings, but the play compels the world to see the ugly truth that capitalism and the materialistic world distort honesty and moral ethics. The play is a guide toward contemporary themes foreseen of the twentieth century, which are veiled with greed, power, and betrayal. Miller’s influence with the play spreadRead MoreDeath Of Salesman By Arthur Miller1475 Words   |  6 Pagesto death to achieve their so- called American dream. They live alone and there is no love of parents and siblings. They may have not noticed the America dream costs them so much, which will cause a bigger regret later. In the play Death of Salesman, Arthur Miller brings a great story of a man who is at very older age and still works hard to achieve his desire, which is the American dream. Later, he notices that his youth is gone and there is less energy in his body. Willy Loman is a salesman, whoRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller2081 Words   |  9 Pages#1 â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller is a tragedy, this play has only two acts and does not include scenes in the acts. Instead of cutting from scene to scene, there is a description of how the lighting focuses on a different place or time-period, which from there, they continue on in a different setting. The play doesn’t go in chronological order. A lot of the play is present in Willy’s flashbacks or memories of events. This provides an explanation of why the characters are acting a certain

Vortex Induce Vibration Essay Sample free essay sample

1. 1. Background of Study Vortex induced gesture ( VIM ) or vortex induced quiver ( VIV ) is an object quiver influenced by the whirl casting. When fluid flow across the blunt organic structure. aftermath formed behind the bluff object and ensuing in whirl sloughing. Due to the long periods of gestures. the whirl induced quiver will normally mention as whirl induced gesture. Vortex-induced gesture is an of import beginning of fatigue harm for blunt cylindrical organic structure underwater particularly for production risers. When the casting frequence matches the organic structure Eigen frequence. the organic structure will get down to vibrate and the body’s motion becomes self-sufficient. Continuing vibrating will take to material fatigue and the stuffs tend to fracture or tire. Vortex casting was one of the causes proposed for the failure of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in 1940. During the winter of 2001. a bang drive â€Å"Vertigo† in Ohio suffered the whirl casting consequence one of the three towers collapsed. We will write a custom essay sample on Vortex Induce Vibration Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On 1968. whirl casting due to high air currents caused the prostration of three towers at Ferrybridge power station. Through countless of surveies and researches. several vortex suppression methods developed designed to cut down the effects of whirl induced gesture on blunt organic structure. Normally the fairing is used in cut downing vortex casting consequence for cylindrical organic structure. Fairing will efficaciously cut down the retarding force force and aftermath generated by fluid flow. This research begins with the understanding on rules. parametric quantities and effect of whirl induced gesture ( VIM ) or vortex induced quiver ( VIV ) so follow by carry oning simulation. The analysis is simulated by CFD package which is ANSYS Fluent. The consequences obtained will be compared with the experimental consequences conducted by other research workers. 1. 2. Problem Statement In transporting out the research. several issues need to be clarified:I. The effects of moving ridges and current on Energytwo. The effects of cylinder dimension on VIMthree. The effects fairing on whirl suppressionfour. Any suppression method is more effectual than fairing 1. 3. Objective of Study The aim of survey as follow:I. To look into the influences of moving ridges and current on VIM two. To look into the influences of cylinder dimension on VIM three. To place the effects of fairing on vortex suppression four. To develop an effectual method in vortex suppression 1. 4. Significant of StudyThe of import of this research is to develop an effectual method for vortex suppression. The method will be able to stamp down the whirl casting more efficaciously compare to the other methods. Besides. this method will cut down the retarding force force and lift force generated by the whirl casting. The forces are the chief part to the material break. 1. 5. Scope of Study The Scopess of survey of this research are listed as follows:I. Investigate and understand the basic rules of VIM and VIV on round cylinder two. Analysiss VIM utilizing CFD simulationthree. Develop an effectual whirl suppression method1. 6. Research Flow Chart1. 7. Research Gantt ChartLITERATURE REVIEW ( 1st Draft )2. 1. Introduction Vortex-induced gesture ( VIM ) or vortex-induced quiver ( VIV ) is a phenomenon happens when fluid flow across a cylindrical organic structure. When a fluid flow across a cylindrical organic structure. an unsteady flow with hovering gesture formed behind the organic structure is called casting frequence. This casting frequence will associated with formation of whirls. When the whirls are non formed symmetrically around the organic structure. a clip changing non-uniform force per unit area distribution will bring forth. ensuing lift force moving on each side of organic structure. As the clip changing lift force continues moving on the organic structure. the organic structure will vibrate in inline and transverse to the flow. When the casting frequence is close or equal to the Eigen frequence of the organic structure. resonance occur and the quiver amplitude of the organic structure is maximized. This phenomenon is called lock-in and fatigue tends to go on. 2. 2. Whirls Sheding Formation As the fluid approaches the front side of the tubing. the unstable force per unit area rises from the free watercourse value to the stagnancy point value. The high force per unit area forces the fluid to travel along the tubing surface and boundary beds develop on both sides. The force per unit area force is counteracted by syrupy forces and the fluid can non follow the tubing surface to the rear side but separates from both sides of the tubing and signifier two shear beds. The inmost portion of the shear beds are in contact with the tubing surface and moves slower than the outmost portion. As a consequence. the shear beds roll up. [ 1 ] A whirl is in the procedure of formation near the top of the cylinder surface. Below and to the right of the first whirl is another whirl which was formed and shed a short period before. Thus. the flow procedure in the aftermath of a cylinder or tubing involves the formation and sloughing of whirls alternately from one side and so the other. This phe nomenon is of major importance in technology design because the surrogate formation and sloughing of whirls besides creates jumping forces. which occur more often as the speed of the flow additions. [ 2 ] Figure 2. 1: Vortex formation behind a round cylinder. [ 2 ]2. 3. Reynolds Number dependance By and large the flow form around a round cylinder can be characterized by the Reynolds figure of the incident flow and by the location of points at which the flow separates from the cylinder surface which in bend depend on the province of the boundary bed ( laminar or turbulent ) . [ 3 ] For syrupy fluids the flow form is much more complicated and the balance between inertia forces and syrupy forces is of import. [ 3 ] The comparative importance is expressed by the Reynolds figure Re defined as Re =U?Dinertial effectsviscous effects where U? is the free watercourse speed. D is the tubing diameter and ? the kinematic viscousness of the fluid. Figure 2. 2 shows the chief description of whirl casting from a smooth round cylinder in unvarying flow for the major Reynolds figure governments. Figure 2. 2 Regimes of fluid flow across a smooth tubing. [ 3. 4 ] At Reynolds Numberss below 1. no separation occurs. The form of the streamlines is different from those in an inviscid fluid. The syrupy forces cause the streamlines to travel further apart on the downstream side than on the upstream side of the tubing. [ 1 ] In the Reynolds figure scope of 5 ? Re ? 45. the flow separates from the rear side of the tubing and a symmetric brace of whirls is formed in the close aftermath. [ 1 ] As the Reynolds figure is further increased the aftermath becomes unstable and Vortex Shedding is initiated. At first. one of the two whirls breaks off and so the second is shed because of the nonsymmetrical force per unit area in the aftermath. The intermittently shed whirls form a laminar periodic aftermath of staggered whirls of opposite mark. This phenomenon is frequently called the Karman vortex street. [ 1 ] In the Reynolds figure scope 150 lt ; Re lt ; 300. periodic irregular perturbation s are found in the aftermath. The flow is transitional and bit by bit becomes disruptive as the Reynolds figure is increased. [ 1 ] The Reynolds figure scope 300 lt ; Re lt ; 1. 5 ·105 is called subcritical ( the upper bound is sometimes given as 2 ·105 ) . The laminar boundary bed offprints at about 80 grades downstream of the front stagnancy point and the whirl sloughing is strong and periodic. [ 1. 3 ] With a farther addition of Re. the flow enters the critical government. The laminal boundary bed offprints on the front side of the tubing. forms a separation bubble and subsequently reattaches on the tubing surface. Reattachment is followed by a disruptive boundary bed and the separation point is moved to the rear side. to about 140 grades downstream the front stagnancy point. As an consequence the retarding force coefficient is decreased aggressively. [ 1 ] The scope 1. 5 ·105 Re3. 5 ·106. referred to the literature as the transitional part. includes the critical part ( 1. 5 ·105 Re3. 5 ·105 ) and the supercritical part ( 3. 5 ·105 Re3. 5 ·106 ) . In these parts. the cylinder boundary bed becomes disruptive. the separation points move aft to 140 grades. and the cylinder retarding force coefficient drops suddenly. [ 3 ] La minar separation bubbles and 3-dimensional effects disrupt the regular sloughing procedure and broaden the spectrum of casting frequences for smooth surface cylinders. [ 3. 5 ] In the post-critical Reynolds figure scope ( Re3. 5 ·106 ) . regular whirl sloughing is re-established with a disruptive cylinder boundary bed. The whirl casting persists at Reynolds figure every bit high as 1011. [ 3. 6 ] 2. 4. Strouhal figure dependance When the casting frequence is near the Eigen-frequency of the construction. the resonance will happen and the construction appears to sing. A dimensionless figure. the Strouhal figure Sr. is normally used as a step of the prevailing sloughing frequence degree Fahrenheit. The definition is Sr= fsDU? where D is the diameter of a round cylinder or tubing in cross flow and U? is the free watercourse speed. The Strouhal figure of a stationary tubing or round cylinder is a map of Reynolds figure but less of surface raggedness and free watercourse turbulency as shown in Figure 2. 3. Figure 2. 3: Strouhal figure versus Reynolds figure for round cylinders. [ 4 ] Most of the Strouhal figure informations were derived from the measurings of the speed fluctuations in the aftermath. while fewer informations were derived from the lift force spectra. However. that lift force spectra are a more direct step of the force features than wake speed measurings. [ 3 ] The behaviour of the Strouhal figure is stable for a broad scope of Reynolds Numberss. except around 106 ( transitional part ) where important spread occurs in the trial information. [ 3 ] Whirls are often shed in this part and the Strouhal figure is near to 0. 2. In the transitional part. the Strouhal figure becomes scattered changing from 0. 05-0. 5. Delany A ; Sorensen ( 1953 ) found a sudden addition of their values of Strouhal figure to 0. 45 and so a lessening to 0. 3 at about the same Reynolds figure of 2 ·106. This indicates the passage to postcritical flow conditions. Bearman ( 1969 ) measured a similar value of S=0. 46. [ 3 ] Besides in the transitional scope. Achenbach and Heine cke ( 1981 ) found that smooth stationary cylinders had a helter-skelter. disorganized. high-frequency aftermath and Strouhal figure every bit high as 0. 5. Cylinders with some raggedness ( surface raggedness e/D=3 ·10-3 or greater. where vitamin E is the characteristic surface raggedness ) had organized. periodic aftermaths with Strouhal Numberss S=0. 25. [ 3 ] In the Reynolds figure scope 250 lt ; Re lt ; 2?105 the empirical expression Sr=0. 1981-19. 7Re is sometimes recommended for appraisal of the Strouhal figure. [ 2 ] It has been suggested to present a cosmopolitan Strouhal figure based on the distance between the shear beds. Over a big Reynolds figure scope a Strouhal figure of approximately 0. 2 is so valid regardless of the organic structure geometry. [ 2 ] Vortex casting from a stationary cylinder in the post-critical part does non happen at a individual distinguishable frequence. but instead wanders over a narrow set of frequences and it is non changeless along the span. An mean Strouhal figure value of 0. 25 is suggested. [ 3 ] 2. 5. Reduced Speed Reduced speed is a finding of the speed ranges where the whirl casting will be in resonance with Eigen frequence of the object. VR=U?fiD where U? free watercourse speed. fi is the ith natural frequence of the member and D is member diameter. For low decreased speeds. there exists on initial subdivision associated with a 2S whirl casting manner ( two individual whirls shed per rhythm ) and the agencies forces and cylinder response are in stage. For intermediate and larger reduced speeds there exists an upper and a lower subdivision associated with a 2P whirl casting manner ( two braces of whirls per rhythm ) . [ 7 ] Figure 2. 4: Sketch of the â€Å"three-branch† response theoretical accountHowever. really few 3-dimensional numerical consequences have been able to accurately reproduce the three-branch response theoretical account obtained from experiments. Some have successfully predicted the 2P casting manner in the lower subdivision [ 8 ] . but this consequence has merely been observed at big mass-damping parametric quantities. little facet ratio and moderate Reynolds figure. In general. the undertaking of capturing numerically the big amplitude response of the upper subdivision for low mass-damping systems with big facet ratio has remained out of range. [ 7 ] 2. 6. Raise CoefficientLift force is sinusoidal constituent and residuary force. Parameter of lift force usually is used to find the lift coefficient. CL. CL= FL12?DLV2 where FL is the time-average of the retarding force force. FL ( T ) . ? is the unstable mass denseness. D is the cylinder diameter. L is the cylinder length and V is the flow speed. Lift is the cross constituent of force happening at the whirl casting frequence. Lift will be influenced by organic structure gesture. and there is considerable grounds showing the influence of organic structure on lift force frequence and correlativity. But it is an applied force which owes its being to the character and strength of the hydrodynamic aftermath formed by flow around the organic structure. [ 3 ] Lift force besides can be expressed in the signifier of gesture as equation stated below FL=m+az+2mzz+Kz where ? is the muffling factor of the cylinder. ?z is the cylinder round natural frequence and K is the spring invariable. The clip changing lift force on the hovering cylinder may hold a stage. ? difference. Then raising amplitude will go. z=Azsin? ( 2?fst+? ) where Az is maximal gesture amplitude.Refering the fluid kineticss portion of the job the Reynolds figure Re can play an of import function here because flow separations are frequently Reynolds figure dependant. even if the organic structures have crisp borders. This has already been observed and explained for the attack span cross subdivision of the Great Belt Bridge ( Schewe A ; Larsen 1998 ) . High Reynolds figure dependance is observed from numberless of experiments and researches. The ground for this dependance is that. the province of the boundary bed has a far-reaching influence on the full flow field about a organic structure. Both the province of the boundary bed and the location of passage are frequently responsible for the formation. length. and form of separation bubbles. [ 9 ] In peculiar when the symmetricalness is broken. i. e. the cross subdivision is asymmetric or the angle of incidence ? is non zero. the behaviour of the separated flow that depends on the Reynolds figure can be different on the upper- and the lower side of the subdivision. Therefore planetary values. like the lift coefficient CL. for illustration. can be affected by the Reynolds figure. This in bend can hold a big influence on the derived functions. which are differential values and therefore sensitive to little fluctuation of the implicit in CL ( ? ) curve. the latter are. in add-on. typically nonlinear in instance of bluff organic structures. In general the derived functions and the nonlinearities are finding the type and strength of possible flow induced quivers. [ 9 ] Over countless experiments and researches. a big figure of consequences had been published to try the relationship between the lift coefficient and Reynolds figure.

Literature and the Community

Introduction Literary studies entail presentation of poems, stories, songs, and drama among other forms of art to the community. Literature and related studies date back to the time when language was first used as a medium of communication. Literature has a variety of uses in the society including transforming cultural practices and reflecting the conditions prevailing in the society. It achieves its functions through influencing the thoughts of readers in various ways. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Literature and the Community specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Firstly, the stories or songs can influence the thoughts of an individual thereby enabling this individual to engage oneself in critical thinking about the facts presented in the story. The significance of literature in transforming cultural practices entails literary studies that enable individuals to compare their cultures and lifestyle with other indi viduals in other societies (Manzo Perkins, 2006, p. 335). This essay seeks to highlight the significance of literature in reflecting the conditions prevailing in the community as presented in the story, ‘Metamorphosis’ by Franz Kafka. On the other hand, the essay analyzes the ‘Lesson’, which is a story written by Toni Cade Bambara with the aim of showing how individuals and societies affect each other in the context of literature. How does literature reflect the community? Most literary studies and forms of art provide a brilliant description of the economic, social, political, and familial factors in various societies. In this way, literature brings a reader to the context of the real life experiences in the community. The community reflected in the story is not necessarily the readers’ and in most cases, such stories present facts about other communities thereby enabling the reader to compare and contrast the conditions in the two communities. On the other hand, literature presents the conditions within the family, which reflect the practices in the whole society. The story ‘Metamorphosis’, unfolds as the author presents the life of a normal family under the protection of a hard working father and husband. However, as the story progresses, the author tells of a tragedy in which the family man transforms into an insect (Diyanni, 2007, p. 612). This means that this individual may no longer provide for his family. The author further notes that this man had never complained about having to provide for the whole family including his parents and siblings (Diyanni, 2007, p. 613). The negative side of the story is that the man who was a slave for his family becomes isolated, neglected and abused by the same people he cared for before his transformation. The morale of the story is that it brings the readers to reflect on their respective families and societies in order to root out any vices reflected in the community and family in the story.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More How does literature reflect the impact of individuals and societies on each? Literature has another very important function of showing how individuals influence others in the society thereby contributing to the progress or failure of the societies. A good example is the story ‘The Lesson’, which entails a narration of the life of a young girl and her neighborhood. The girl lives in a less comfortable neighborhood and her family is unable to provide for themselves because the author indicates that others were helping them (DiYanni, 2007, p. 428). The situation is not any different from that of other kids in her neighborhood making these kids to hold a negative attitude and impression towards others especially outsiders. The author indicates that their attitude changes when one of the kids’ neighbors t akes them to a different neighborhood where life is much different. The first stop they made was at a toy store whereby the prices of various commodities shock them. At this point, the story brings the reader to seeing the change in the kids’ wanting. The change in the children’s attitude is attributable to their neighbor who had been away from the neighborhood and thus she had the experience of live in the outside world. This shows the significance of literature in terms of allowing the reader to travel to a world away from one’s own in order to explore new experiences in life. It is thus evident that an individual cannot realize the needs or endearments of others without this individual interacting or having a glimpse of the situation from the perspective of other individuals. Reference List DiYanni, R (2007) Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, and Drama (6th ed.) New York: McGraw-Hill. Manzo, L.C., Perkins, D.D. (2006). The importance of literature to com munity participation. Journal of Planning Literature, 20 (4): pp. 335-350.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Literature and the Community specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Literature and the Community was written and submitted by user Kayleigh Larsen to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

10 Fascinating Facts About Fireflies and Lightning Bugs

10 Fascinating Facts About Fireflies and Lightning Bugs Fireflies or lightning bugs are from the family Coleoptera:Lampyridae, and they may well be our most beloved insect, inspiring poets and scientists alike.  Most importantly to remember, fireflies are neither flies nor bugs. Fireflies are actually beetles and there are 2,000 species on our planet. Here are other interesting facts about fireflies. The Flight of Fireflies Like all other beetles, lightning bugs have hardened forewings called elytra, which meet in a straight line down the back when at rest. In flight, fireflies hold the elytra out for balance, and rely on their membranous hindwings for movement. These traits place fireflies squarely in the order Coleoptera. Fireflies Are the Worlds Most Efficient Light Producers An incandescent light bulb gives off 90 percent of its energy as heat and only 10 percent as light, which is something you know if youve ever touched one thats been turned on for a while. If fireflies produced that much heat when they lit up, they would incinerate themselves. Fireflies produce light through an efficient chemical reaction called chemiluminescence that allows them to glow without wasting heat energy. For fireflies, 100 percent of the energy goes into making light; and accomplishing that flashing increases the firefly metabolic rates an astonishingly low 37 percent above resting values. Fireflies are bioluminescent, which means they are living creatures that can produce light. That trait is shared with only a handful of other terrestrial insects, such as click beetles and railroad worms. The light is used to attract prey and members of the opposite sex, and warn off predators. Lightning bugs taste bad to birds and other potential predators, so the warning signal is a memorable one to those that have sampled before. Fireflies Talk to Each Other Using Light Signals Fireflies dont put on those spectacular summer displays just to entertain us. Youre actually eavesdropping on the firefly singles bar. Male fireflies cruising for mates flash a species-specific pattern to announce their availability to receptive females. An interested female will reply, helping the male locate her where shes perched, often on low vegetation. Fireflies Are Bioluminescent Throughout Their Life Cycles We dont often see fireflies before they reach adulthood, so you may not know that fireflies glow in all life stages. Bioluminescence begins with the egg and is present throughout the entire lifecycle. In fact, all firefly eggs, larvae, and pupae known to science are capable of producing light. Some firefly eggs emit a faint glow when disturbed. The flashing part of fireflies is called a lantern, and the flashing is controlled by the firefly using neural stimulation and nitric oxide. The males often synchronize their flashes with one another during courtship, a capacity called entraining (responding to an external rhythm) once thought only possible in humans, but now recognized in several animals. Colors of firefly lights range widely among different species, from yellow-green to orange to turquoise to a bright poppy red. Fireflies Spend Most Their Lives As Larva The firefly begins life as a bioluminescent spherical egg. At the end of the summer, adult females lay about 100 eggs in soil or near the soil surface. The worm-like larva hatches out in three to four weeks and throughout the fall hunts prey using a hypodermic-like injection strategy similar to bees. Larvae spend the winter below ground in several types of earthen chambers. Some species spend more than two winters before pupating, in late spring, and they emerge as adults from their pupa after a period of 10 days to several weeks. Adult fireflies live only another two months, spending the summer mating and performing for us before laying eggs and dying. Not All Adult Fireflies Flash Fireflies are known for their blinking light signals, but not all fireflies flash. Some adult fireflies, most notably those that inhabit the western areas of North America, dont use light signals to communicate. Many people falsely believe that fireflies dont exist west of the Rockies since flashing populations are rarely seen there...but they do. Firefly Larvae Feed on Snails Firefly larvae are carnivorous predators, and their favorite food is escargot. Most firefly species inhabit moist, terrestrial environments, where they feed on snails or worms in the soil. But a few Asian species use gills to breathe underwater, where they eat aquatic snails or other mollusks. Some species are arboreal, and their larvae hunt tree snails. Some Fireflies Are Cannibals We dont know much about what adult fireflies eat. Most dont seem to feed at all, while some are believed to eat mites or pollen. We do know what Photuris fireflies eat, though- other fireflies. Photuris females enjoy munching on males of other genera. These well-known Photuris femme fatales use a trick called aggressive mimicry to make meals of other fireflies. When a male firefly of another genus flashes its light signal, the female Photuris firefly replies with the males flash pattern, suggesting she is a receptive mate of his own species. She continues luring him in, closer and closer, until hes within her reach. Then her meal begins. Adult female Photuris fireflies are also kleptoparasitic and can be seen feeding on a silk-wrapped Photinus species firefly (occasionally even one of its own kind) hanging in a spiders web. Epic battles can occur between the spider and the firefly. Sometimes the firefly can hold off the spider long enough to consume the silk-wrapped prey, sometimes the spider cuts the web and her losses, sometimes the spider catches the firefly and the prey and gets them both wrapped up in silk. Firefly Luciferase Is Used in Medical Research Scientists have developed remarkable uses for firefly luciferase in the research lab. Luciferase is the enzyme that produces bioluminescence in fireflies. It has been used as markers to detect blood clots, to tag tuberculosis virus cells, and to monitor hydrogen peroxide levels in living organisms; hydrogen peroxide is believed to play a role in the progression of some diseases, like cancer and diabetes. Fortunately, scientists can now use a synthetic form of luciferase for most research, so the commercial harvest of fireflies has decreased. Firefly populations are decreasing, and the search for luciferase is just one of the reasons. Climate change and modern construction have resulted in the loss of firefly habitats, and light pollution depresses the ability for fireflies to find mates and reproduce. Some Fireflies Synchronize Their Flash Signals Imagine thousands of fireflies lighting up at precisely the same time, over and over, from dusk to dark. This simultaneous bioluminescence, as it is called by scientists, occurs in just two places in the world: Southeast Asia and Great Smoky Mountains National Park, right here in the U.S. North Americas lone synchronous species, Photinus carolinus, puts on its light show in late spring each year. The most spectacular show is said to be the mass synchronous display of several Pteroptyx species in Southeast Asia. Masses of male fireflies congregate in groups (called leks) and in unison emit rhythmic courtship flashes. One hotspot for ecotourism is the Selangor River in Malaysia. Lek collective courting happens occasionally in American fireflies, but not for long periods. In the American Southeast, male members of the blue ghost firefly (Phausis reticulate) glow steadily as they fly slowly over the forest floor searching for females from about 40 minutes after sunset until midnight. Both sexes emit a long-lasting, nearly continuous glow in the forested regions of Appalachia. Annual tours to see the blue ghosts can be joined at state forests in South and North Carolina between April and July. Sources Buschman, Lawrent L. Biology of the Firefly Pyractomena Lucifera (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). The Florida Entomologist 67.4 (1984): 529–42. Print.-. Larval Biology and Ecology of Photuris Fireflies (Lampyridae: Coleoptera) in Northcentral Florida. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 57.1 (1984): 7–16. Print.Day, John C., Tim I. Goodall, and Mark J. Bailey. The Evolution of the Adenylate-Forming Protein Family in Beetles: Multiple Luciferase Gene Paralogues in Fireflies and Glow-Worms. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 50.1 (2009): 93–101. Print.De Cock, Rapha, et al. Courtship and Mating in Phausis Reticulata (Coleoptera: Lampyridae): Male Flight Behaviors, Female Glow Displays, and Male Attraction to Light Traps. The Florida Entomologist 97.4 (2014): 1290–307. Print.Faust, Lynn, et al. Thieves in the Night: Kleptoparasitism by Fireflies in the Genus Photuris Dejean (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 66.1 (2012): 1–6. Prin t.Lewis, Sara M., and Christopher K. Cratsley. Flash Signal Evolution, Mate Choice, and Predation in Fireflies. Annual Review of Entomology 53.1 (2008): 293–321. Print. Martin, Gavin J., et al. Total Evidence Phylogeny and the Evolution of Adult Bioluminescence in Fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 107 (2017): 564–75. Print.Moosman, Paul R., et al. Do Courtship Flashes of Fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) Serve as Aposematic Signals to Insectivorous Bats? Animal Behaviour 78.4 (2009): 1019–25. Print.Wilson, Margaret, and Peter F. Cook. Rhythmic Entrainment: Why Humans Want to, Fireflies Can’t Help It, Pet Birds Try, and Sea Lions Have to Be Bribed. Psychonomic Bulletin Review 23.6 (2016): 1647–59. Print.

Women's Role in the labor movement Research Paper

Women's Role in the labor movement - Research Paper Example The process of collective bargaining is deployed whereby the leaders negotiate either directly with the concerned entity or through an arbitrator to come to common terms of agreement. The history of trade unions dates back to the Industrial Revolution when mass industrialization and exploitation of workers and poor living conditions gave birth to the concept of worker rights (Dumont and Hacourt). The role of women in trade unions has presumed great significance today as the notion of gender equality and anti discrimination lawsuits become rampant. Women have assumed increasingly greater importance in trade union activities particularly in the United States, U.K, Netherlands and Canada (Curtin and Jennifer). The paper discusses the role of women in labor unions both in the United States and in Europe. The Case of U.S.A The history of women’s role in labor unions in the United States dates back to 1765 when â€Å"Daughters of Liberty†, a first of its kind society for prof essional women, was established (Tax). Thereafter, in 1824, women’s rights in the workplace assumed their significance when , in Rhode Island, 102 women workers called a strike, to support their brothers ( who were weavers) in an attempt to protest against the decline in wages and the introduction of long working hours (Anne). In 1825, however, this concept was taken to heights when the first union comprising of women only was formed under the banner of â€Å"The United Tailoresses of New York† (Tax). In 1831, approximately 1600 women of this union called on a strike, demanding a just and fair wage rate (Tax). IN 1845, Sarah Bagley formed â€Å"The Female Labor Reform Association† in protest of the 12-13 hour long work day and gave a call to reduce it to 10 hours along with improvement in sanitation and safety facilities at cotton mills in Massachusetts (Tax). The acceptance of women in labor unions was gaining ground which was marked by the first of its kind in clusion of women and African Americans at a national level, in the leading trade union of that time- Cigar. From here onwards begun the journey of women in labor unions at a nationwide level. In 1869, women shoemakers established a national labor union by the name of â€Å"Daughters of St Crispin† at Massachusetts (Tax). This gave birth to the concept of Equal Opportunity in America, when in 1872, the Congress, for the first time, passed a bill whereby women working at the federal level were given the same pay for the same nature of work as their male counterparts (Tax). The notion of protests by women workers for their rights continued and, in 1881, Black women in the laundry sector hosted the biggest ever strike in history till then. In the same year, over 1800 women workers won the bill whereby women doctors were made mandatory for women patients at mental health clinics (Tax). In 1889, however, the concept of women’s rights at workplace was extended beyond that ref lected by strikes and protests (Tax). Jane Adams established a â€Å"full house† for social welfare of women in order to enhance their personal development and increase the recognition of their efforts in the society. It was in this year that the concept of social entrepreneurship in the context of women truly took shape and set the stage for others to follow suit. The concept of social welfare then extended to other spheres of life in 1898 when Charlotte Perkins Gillman, through power of the ink, conveyed the importance of women to be economically and financially independent (Martens and Mitter). As years passed different modes of expressing women’s rights in the workplace came into shape. For instance, in 1899, National Consumers League was established to steer and empower women consumers to use their power to achieve

Pick a topic based on the assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pick a topic based on the assignment - Essay Example This he meant a spiritual and perhaps political leader who guides and instructs his Muslim brothers to fulfill the tasks given by Allah. In essence, it was a question of his morality. The life he had in the United States -- full of racial slur, anti-Islamic sentiment, etc. -- drove him to ponder the most important riddle that involves his humanity, religion, and conscience. Lippman was correct to say that man’s conscience grows with his social condition (101). Opposed to static, hard, or vessel-like morality, Qutb’s conscience was radically changed when he witnessed the decline of faith and virtue in the highly urbanized society. With that experience, he was transformed in spirit and mind. Qutb was also a writer. He wrote doctrines that created a significant ripple in the Muslim world. Qutb’s writing basically reflects his ideas and reflections about life, faith, and spirituality. Further, his personal journal substantially shows the ever changing content and deg ree of passion of his mindset and belief. The writings of Qutb, especially his diary entries, were meant for himself: the evaluation of the self. Confusion and chaos were not alien to the Islamic scholar. Immersed in a somewhat â€Å"sinful† world, Qutb’s mind was not a solid vessel but a fluid matter -- requiring himself to form and reform his ideals and perspective.

Filipino Woman in the Biography by Lucy Komisar Essay Example for Free

Filipino Woman in the Biography by Lucy Komisar Essay Literature is any form of expressing human’s simple to complex experiences that blend, combined and applied into words, well-chosen and arranged. It is full of thoughts, feelings, dreams, sorrows, aspirations and grief of human expressions in every harmonious way of expressions. It is a choice, choice of expressing everything without the hesitation from any hindrances. It is just like entering into a voyage, not to find good fortune but to have pleasure and satisfaction. It can be compared to choice of writing. Humans are writing not because of compliance but because they want to express something for the sake of self- satisfaction. They are not reading because they want to learn a lot but because to feel enjoyment while reading. It is not like going abroad for good but because of the experience. Through literature, people confide on to, talk to, rely on and can be the source of every emotion that they have to feel, feelings that distinguishes the level of their personality that evokes their admirations. It is believed that the social and sexual conditions of women essentially embody their nature that the manner they are treated in society is congruent with what they really are. Thus, women’s social environment, can be generally described as subordinate to men, sexually colonized in the system of dominance, submission and denied rights and the basis of sex, historically chattel, basically considered biologically inferior confined to sex and reproduction. For most part of society and across time and space, man dominates the upper level of political, economical and social power while women are rarely or only partially included. The worth of men is generally more valued than that of women and is usually more compensated. Men are typically more valued in themselves as person, a fact often expressed in social customs, rights and laws. In fact, in almost every culture, the tools and conditions necessary for analysis, the means of communications and the forms of legitimating of knowl edge have been jealously and effectively kept from women. Today, Filipino women are no longer confined to the manual task of household chores but their full potentials, talents and innovativeness are explored and utilized. The power of women is such a huge and limitless tool of intellectual resource, a very vital factor behind a nation’s growth and development. Empowering the women at home, in the community, in work, in every aspect of society would mean empowering the other half of every aspects of nation’s human resource. At present, the Filipino women are already leaders in their own rights. They occupy high positions in the society. As they are free, they are also able to participate in social, economic and political activities. They command the respect of men – rights denied to them with the introduction of the Spanish culture in the country. After, nearly four hundred years after the Spaniards conquest of the Philippines, the Filipino woman has come full circle. She is now able to cooperate more effectively with men with the realization of common aspirations—a better world to live in, governed by the principles of justice and good will. Many writers have been supporters of Cory. They have produced books and a journal containing Cory’s life and Lucy Komisar is one of them. Lucy Komisar is a free-lance journalist, whose articles and analysis of foreign affairs have appeared in the wide variety of publications, including the â€Å"New York Times, the Washington Past, the Christian Science Monitor, the San Francisco Chronicle, the Miami Herald, News day and the Toronto Star, among many others. She is the authors of two books; â€Å"Down and Out in the USA: a history of Public Welfare and the New Feminism and has lectured at universities through out the country. She a member of the executive board of PEN, American Center, a past National Vice President of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She reported from the Philippines during the election campaign and peaceful revolution only in 1986 and returned recently to write the biography of Cory Aquino. The book â€Å"Corazon Aquino: the Story of Revolution†, is the first biography essay of Corazon Aquino by Lucy Komisar. The book traces her life from the childhood in the wealthy family in the Philippines, her marriage to Benigno and her life in exile, a dramatic revolution that install her as President. It also describes the evolution of her life as political leader as she began putting a government together and taking on political and economic problems that face her country. A timely and evocative book, Corazon Aquino is moving portrait of a woman who demonstrates a new kind of heroism. Indeed, there is no doubt that Komisar is one of the writers and journalists who believes in the proper rights of women exercised in the society. The researchers believed that the writer, though an American journalist and writer has a big concern in the status of women in the society. Thus, the thorough analysis of Lucy Komisar’s biography â€Å"Corazon Aquino: the Story of Revolution† vividly reflect the personalities of the former president Corazon Aquino and the women’s rights that rarely Filipino women exercised. Theoretical Framework The study is anchored on the general view of women’s right as well as human’s right. According to Legazpi (1998), the 1987 Constitution declares that â€Å"the state shall value the dignity of every person and guarantee full respect for human rights.† Enshrined therein, as a state policy is the recognition of the role of women in nation building and fundamental equality before the law of men and women. Within this framework, guaranteed respect of their personal dignity and human rights and equal treatment in all aspects of life is presented. The Constitutional Acknowledgment of Women’ rights are reiterated in numerous statutory enactments and relating to such subjects as civil relations, family rights and labor conditions. Various internal instruments to which the Philippines are the signatory signify and reinforce the state’s commitments towards upholding these rights. With particular focus on the character of Corazon Aquino as a Filipino woman, the researchers gave much attention on how the former president exercised her rights on every character and how she gained recognition from these characters. Meanwhile, through the application of formalistic approach of literary analysis, the writer’s point of view in his essays such as styles, purpose and theme were studied. Statement of the Problem The study discusses the Character of Corazon Aquino as a Filipino Woman in the biography by Lucy Komisar. Specifically, this study answers the following questions: 1. What are the events that project the character of the First Female President? 2. How does Corazon Aquino show the character as a Filipino Woman in the following personalities: 2.1Wife and Mother, 2.2 Widow, 2.3 Leader? 3. How do the author reveal the character of Corazon Aquino in relation to: 3.1Style, 3.2Purpose, 3.3Theme? 4. What implications of the essays are portrayed to uphold women’s right? Scope and Limitations The study focuses on the Character of Corazon Aquino as a Filipino Woman in the biography by Lucy Komisar. In the study, the researchers gathered the events that project the character of the First Female President. It also analyzes how the late president shows her character as a leader, wife, and widow that makes her a strong and powerful president. The style, purpose and theme are also analyzed The study is significantly devoted to the evaluation, analysis and interpretation of the biography written by Lucy Komisar, â€Å"Corazon Aquino: the Story of Revolution†. Significance of the Study The study on the Character of Corazon Aquino as a Filipino Woman in the biography written by Lucy Komisar, â€Å"Corazon Aquino: the Story of Revolution† is important in providing greater understanding and insights about the social issues in the society. Nevertheless, for those who specialize in English, the study could serve as a literary drill so that they may engage into critical analysis and interpretation and in the process that understand their value and significance. With the dynamism of education, the teaching approaches, instructional materials, references should conform to the changing times of our societal history. In this regard, the study can be used as a reference and instructional materials or tool in teaching the life of Corazon Aquino. For the teachers of literature, the study can help them generate insights on how students will be directed and/ or guided in dealing with and analyzing literary works. Likewise, the study may also enlighten the Filipino women especially of the contemporary times with regards to their rights and their roles as individuals, and as members of the society. For future researchers, the study may help them bring about the techniques, treatment and approaches in analyzing literary works. The study may also be used as a reference in sociology. It may help the readers understand the nature of the Filipino woman and her complexities. Most of all, the study may serve as a significant indication on the life of Corazon Aquino and the Filipino woman that can set a great pattern for the rights of women. Definition of Terms For the purpose of clear and consistency of terms used in the study, the following terms are hereby defined: Character – combination of qualities that distinguishes as individual person. In the research, it refers to the personality of Corazon Aquino as a wife, widow and leader. Civil Law – refers to the body of customs or practices applicable to specific group of community. It is the kind of law that the Corazon government exercise during her term. Concepts – it is the general idea toward a thing of universal specially, an abstract one. These are the ideas about the character of Corazon Aquino as Filipino Woman. Criticism – it is an intelligent appreciation of any work of art. It is the process of studying the literary piece in the present study. Descriptive Research – type of research that requires a detailed analysis of various aspects and phenomena and their interrelationship. It is the kind of research that researchers used in the present study . Historical Research – the systematic collection and evaluation of data to describe explain and thereby understand actions or event that occurred in the past. It is the basis of the researchers to present study, to collect data and references about the life of Cory Aquino. Liberalism – a doctrine of constitutional promulgation that presents liberty and freedom leaned on the consumption that liberty is natural right and that all over are born free. It is the vision of Corazon Aquino to the Filipino women during her presidency. Maidens of Antiquity – they are women who are perceived to play the traditional child hearing and house keeping. It is the kind of Filipino women that Corazon Aquino wants for a change. Silent Dictatorship – this relates to the characteristics of unobtrusive women over the household, personally take care of everything and have the power over all action and decision of a household. It is the relationship of husband and wife. The wife took all the responsibility and household chores while the husband holds the power. Social Liberation – refers to the ideology that women are capable of fuller and more positive involvement in the growth of the society in which they are apart of advocates, the woman should be viewed as valuable human resources of every fact of natural and international life. It is the organizations that builds women as part of the society and play a crucial role. Women are the center of society and highly regarded. Style – the manner of writing or composing piece with passion or elegance. It is the manner on how the author writes the essay in formal form. Personality – excellence or distinction of social and personal traits. It refers to the characteristics of Aquino as a Filipino woman and all women in the society. Purpose – the aim of an essay which is intended to deliver to the reader him/herself. It refers to the goal of the author on how to show the character of Corazon Aquino in the essays. Presidency – the office, dignity, terms, jurisdiction or residence of a President. It is the position Corazon Aquino holds after the EDSA revolution of 1986 over Marcos’ government. Theme – an idea or motive in a work which may be varied or developed. It is the basis of the topic or concept in the present study. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES This chapter presents the review of related literature and study of the research. Related Literature Foreign Literature During the time of Roman republic, women are underestimated by men. In the women’s lifetime, they have to obey their husbands as well as their father. Women are to take care of their guardian. Roman women are typically married off by the age of eighteen. After marriage, women cannot claim rights in her husband’s property and can not appeal in court. But the law has changed, wherein woman becomes powerful in terms of rights and can inherit the property whenever their husband dies. Some women in the elite class become powerful because of their richness, power through marriage and their adulterous. (Russel, 1996) Before, women were not allowed to vote, to be part of the public and political life and even going out without covering everything except their eyes. In other countries, they were not allowed to drink alcohol and if they were caught, they would be punished severely or punished to death. Women have played different role in different society and in different times. In matriarchal society, women are more powerful than men. In paternal society, men are everything to women. Women and men have the same right. Men occupy the position as the group leader more often than women, but old women assume such roles. Women are now working industriously and earn money to support their family. They work hard as men, but they do not get some respect and salary as men. Women have been tired and worked hard to gain some rights as men. (www.women @society.htm, 2008) It has been clear over the last half of the century that women have made the great strides and effort to achieve equality in all areas of society. It might be able to shed some lights as to where our society is going in regard to women in elected office. One will surely think that men are the ones against women in politics; in fact, in the beginning, men are the ones who vote before a woman president, before the women can. The same instance holds for the amount of people who believe that women are not suited for politics. The religious and non- religious sects are expecting more liberal views about women in politics as time passes. But people have believed that women have the right to be representatives in politics. The trends that people see bring up the problem in our society. Yes, it is true that men and women, the religious and non religious, all feed that women have place in the politics but still lack in equality as to the number of offices that women hold. In order for a change to be made, women must have the courage and belief that they are just as qualified to be in politics and must be extremely aggressive in their action. ([emailprotected]\html, 2008) Frummer (1981), states that critical essay helps reader understand a subject. To be critical means to be keen in every detail of the research a person is studying. Its Greek root means â€Å"to separate, discern or choose†; thus the critical essay attempts to enhance the reader’s understanding of subjects by analyzing different p arts and interpreting its meaning. It may deal with any subject worthy of serious study like a painting, a film, a social movement. In most writing classes, however, the critical essay assignment focuses in literature although similar procedures are followed in writing other essays. The success of the critical essays depends on another process- the informed reading of another imaginative literature. According to Harmon (1992), the essay is divided into two: the formal essay and the non formal essay. Formal essay is diversified in form, spirit and length. At one extreme, it is represented by brief, serious magazine article and at the other by the scientific and philosophical treatises like books rather than essays. The technique of the formal essay is now practically identical with that of all factual or theoretical prose in which literary effect is secondary. The informal essay, on the other hand, has its beginning in aphoustic and moralistic writing, animated by the infection of the personal, broadened and lightened by a free treatment of human manners, controlled somewhat by the limitations of periodical publications has developed into a recognizable genre, the first purpose which is to entertain. Stanford (1999) suggests that when responding to an essay one should consider its central purpose. An essay may make significant comparisons or contrasts; it may explain the reasons of an occurrence or explore the effects of a particular event or action. Some essays contemplate or speculate on an idea, exploring many possibilities without insisting on one final conclusion; many other essays, in one way or another argue for or against a point of view, a solution to a problem or a new way of thinking about the word. Whatever the essay’s purpose, a reader should look carefully at the writer’s choice of words as well as the way he or she structures both the essay itself and its sentences and paragraph. Local Literature The highly personalized word of action in an impediment to the development of a wider, institutional sphere is based on abstraction such as â€Å"the rule of the law† and â€Å"the common good†. It may be assumed that this has much to do with the central position of the mother in the Filipino household and all the burdens that it entails. This position becomes the ideological pivot that places women apart from men. The purity of women symbolizes the wholeness of the home. As a superego representative, the term â€Å"Mother† remains the primary embodiment of conscience. In extending and symbolizing warmth and goodness, the female as a wife and mother should love, that is forgiving: she should be gentle and compassionate with those who morally depend on her. (Mulder, 1997) According to the Asian Development Bank (2002), the major constraints affecting the sociological status of Filipino women are very often quite separate from the substantive nature of law itself. Even in countries where women’s right are fully guaranteed in law, the actual implementation and protection of those rights are often compromised by a complex system of practices based on historical, cultural, linguistic, religious, political and other traditions. In many cases, the factor giving rise to the discrimination is many deep-rooted and relate to non legal or paralegal issues. During the period of revolution, the aim of Katipunan was to work for the independence of the Philippines. Besides the pursuit of this aim, there was valuable reaching which the manners were strictly required to follow. Respect for womanhood was the moral qualification of an applicant before she could be accepted as a member. The observer of the article referring to woman was strictly demanded during the early days of the association. There were not a few in who was expelled because of failure to live up to teachings of the organizations. (Kintanar, 1996) Among all the domains in which the Fili pino woman participates, it is perhaps in the home where she enjoys the highest status. When women themselves strongly believe that their place is at home, they become household centered. The wife’s work is to be a loving and loyal mate to her husband. She is responsible for keeping the marriage intact by means of her patience, hard work, submissiveness, and virtue. A mother must attend to her children’s needs such as meals, health, clothing, school needs and moral and religious development. She remains a good household manager and puts her own welfare before that of her husband and children. The recent upsurge of interest in advancing the development of women and increasing their participation in community affairs has also resulted in a realization that they can and should become effective partners of men in development endeavors. Women are therefore urge to refrain from confining themselves to the home and household work their social, economic, political and religious endeavors altered to. (Torres, 1995) Cory Aquino has already earned a unique place in t he history. In the world dominated by men in action, she is a rarity by virtue of her sex; in a political world, where man assumed power through the traditional electoral process or violence, she became the nation’s President through circumstances without any known precedent. As a family member, she is a very clear about her likes and dislikes. She has never been neutral. She tries to do it in a nice way but she makes it very clear that, for example, â€Å"I’m sorry, I can’t support you†. As a mother, she has always cooled under pressure. When her husband was arrested, she was upset that she was in perfect control. Her siblings could always look up to her as a source of strength. (Crisostomo, 1986) As a housewife, she never missed a chance with her husband. She stood by the side of her husband and never questioned all his decisions. She never chided him for the troubles he brought into her family. When Ninoy was challenged by Imelda in his prison cell, Cory took his p lace in the campaign. She, who did not have the experience in the political stage, nor entertained much, hope that she would make it. For seven and a half years, she stood outside the gate of his maximum security prison. As the color of her life changed, she followed a few days later, no longer as a housewife but as a widow to lay his body in the grave. The military soldiers took away her husband’s life by shooting him at the back of his head. Before, she was declared as a President, there were lots of consequences she encountered. The chanting done in the computer during the election offered to her just to reject the position and more. Despite of this consequences and offer, she was not dictated by them; instead, she made some moves to fight for what she deserved. (Tica, 2007) As a president, she forced three major tasks: rebuilding democracy, reserving the economy and ending the communists’ insurgency—the longest running of its kinds in the world. Her camp and her military advisers suggested that the inauguration be held inside Camp Crame where they would ensure security. But the civilian activists wanted it before the huge crowd of EDSA to dramatize the fact that she was being installed not by military but by People’s Power. For almost 13 years of Marcos service in the government, the communist turned into a formidable force enjoying the distant admiration of the nation. Everybody wanted Marcos government to lose, but nobody wanted communists to win. Cory Aquino was fortunate. Almost everybody wanted her and they did everything just to place Cory in the position. It made the Filipino people admire the power and bravery of Corazon Aquino. She was the first Filipino woman president who proved to the nation that women could also place in the politics of a society. (Philippine Daily Inquirer, 2003) The essay is the communication from the individual author, as person to the reader. Like fiction, the essay is read rather than heard or seen and for these reasons, the author will typically identify himself as one addressing the audience. Since the essay is read from the printed page, its content is not objectively present. This is also true of fiction. However, the typical essay is thought off by the reader as a communication from the author to itself. (Tan, 1995) According to Ramos (1991), an essay may be of any length, breadth, death, density, color, savor, odor, appearance, volume or uselessness. It is broadened on one side by the hell fire sermon and or the other by geometrical demonstration; and it ranges easily between these extremes of heat and occasionally steals from both of them. The main division into which the essay may be divided, is the personal/ familiar essay a transcript of a personal reaction to some phase or fact of life; the author does not regard life with the cold eyes of the scientific thinker. The second is formal essay a serious and personal. It undertakes to discuss a subject critically and coldly; and though it also reveals the author’s tastes and views, the intimacy between writers and readers hardly exists, for the personality of the former is suppressed. (Roseburg, 1969)

The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay -- The Crucible Salem Witchtrials

The Crucible by Arthur Miller The Crucible is a fictional retelling of events in American history surrounding the Salem witch trials of the seventeenth century, yet is as much a product of the time in which Arthur Miller wrote it, the early 1950s, as it is description of Puritan society. At that particular time in the 1950s, when Arthur Miller wrote the play the American Senator McCarthy who chaired the ‘House Un-American Activities Committee’ was very conscious of communism and feared its influence in America. It stopped authors’ writings being published in fear of them being socialist sympathisers. Miller was fascinated by the Salem Witch Trials and that human beings were capable of such madness. In the 1950s the audience would have seen the play as a parallel between the McCarthy trials and the Salem Trials. A 21st century audience would look at the play from the perspective of needless hysteria and accusations and would be amazed that human nature when put into these situations reacts the way it does in the play. In modern time we are able to appreciate the play without being concerned with the parallels of McCarthyism. Although my selected scene is only three-quarters way through the play it is very conclusive in the way that it shows the ability of the court to accept the condemnations of people looking for vengeance and the girls’ lies throughout the trials. The historical background to the play, although quite old still relates to human life and behaviour. It shows the willingness of human beings to blame anyone but themselves. It enforces the belief that humans are not ready to take responsibility for their actions and would rather find a scapegoat than be righteous. The key scene i... ...willing to do to get her way. Only the girls, Mary and Proctor know to what extent Abigail can manipulate a situation in her favour as well as people. Even when she appeals for help from Danforth they continue to echo her. E.g. Mary: â€Å"Mr. Danforth!† Abigail and the girls: â€Å"Mr. Danforth!† This may be because Abigail does not want Mary to tell Danforth the truth and Abigail’s plot. This therefore prevents Danforth from finding out about Abigail and her manipulation of the other girls. Mary has to show great willpower to oppose Abigail; e.g. â€Å"I have no power.† In the stage directions it shows Mary summoning all her determination from within to stand up to Abigail. In this scene we can see how powerful Miller’s characters can be. Our first impression of Abigail is accurate because she is clearly capable of sending people to death to save herself.

Assessment Tool Analysis Essay

The purpose of this paper is to examine the tools that evaluate on-physical measures while applying Watson’s Theory of Human caring that integrates the mind-body-spirit dimensions to the three assessment tools chosen. In this paper, I will describe each tool and the population for which it might be useful, assessment tool data such as cost, length and each in using the tool. I will also discuss the population at which it is best designed, and the validity of information gained. In addition, how this tool could enhance the assessment phase of the nursing process and how it impact quality of health care delivered by the nurse will be discussed. These assessment tools will be applied to adolescent and teenage pregnancy chosen in Week Two in the Vulnerable Population and Self- Awareness assignment. Definition of Assessment Tools Assessment is the deliberate and systematic collection of data to determine the client’s current and past health status and functional status and to determine the client’s present and past coping patterns. Nursing assessment include two steps. The first step involves collection and verification of data from a primary source (the client) and secondary sources (e.g., family, health professionals, and medical record) (Potter & Perry, 2005). Assessment tools are the materials needed to establish data collection. Data collected may be subjective (client’s perception) or objective (data measured by collector). Example of objective data includes client’s body language, facial expression, vital signs e.t.c. The three assessment tools chosen for this paper are: Beck Depression Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale and Well-Being Picture Scale. Beck Depression Inventory There are many assessment and diagnostic tools that either measure  intelligence, aptitudes, achievements, and behaviors so it was no surprise when Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was created in 1961 by Aaron T. Beck, a pioneer in cognitive therapy, with the sole purpose of determining the severity and intensity level of the symptoms of depression. Depression Inventory is defined as a validated measure that has been instrumental in leading to numerous diagnoses due to its most recent revisions that more closely resemble the diagnostic criteria for depression (Farinde, 2013). The Beck Depression Inventory is a widely utilized 21-item self-report scale in both clinical and research studies. The most recent version; The Beck Depression Inventory-11 which is a completely self-administered format, is a depression rating that can be used in individuals that are ages 13 years and older, and rates symptoms of depression in terms of severity on a scale from 0 to 3 based on the 21 specific i tems. Patients that endorse multiple items on the questionnaire (i.e. sadness, pessimism, past failures, loss of pleasure, guilty feelings, punishment fears, self-dislike, and so forth) typically have higher scores with a maximum score of 63 compared to others. For the general population, score of 21 or greater is associated with depression but for individuals who have been clinically diagnosed, scores from 0-9 represent minimal depressive symptoms, scores of 17 to 29 indicate moderate depression, and scores of 30 to 63 indicate severe depression (Farinde, 2013). Perceived Stress Scale Stress has long been a major research concept in health science since it is linked to various health outcomes and illnesses, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis (Lee, 2012). The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) is one of the more popular tools for measuring psychological stress. It is a self-reported questionnaire that was designed to measure â€Å"the degree to which individuals appraise situations in their lives are stressful.† The Perceived Stress Scale items evaluate the degree to which individuals believe their life has been unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded during the previous month. The assessment items are general in nature rather than focusing on specific events or experiences (Lee, 2012). According to Lee (2012), the original instrument is a 14-item scale (PSS-14) that was developed in English, with 7  positive items and 7 negative items rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Five years after the introduction of PSS-14, it was shortened to 10 items (PSS-10). A four-item PSS (PSS-4) was also introduced as a brief version for situations requiring a very short scale of telephone interviews and the PSS is currently translated into 25 languages other than English. The criterion validity of the PSS was evaluated only in a few studies; the criteria used were all questionnaires that showed a weak to moderate association, demonstrating unsatisfactory criterion validity (Lee, 2012). Well-Being Picture Scale The theoretical framework that has guided the investigation of well-being from a Rogerian perspective is based upon the observation and measurement of health-related variables that are unique to the Science of Unitary Human Beings. Rogerian-science derived principles and the concepts of well-being. The term well-being, as a measure of health, is compatible with the concepts and variables that are unique to the development of knowledge (Reis and Alligood, 2008). The Well-Being Picture Scale is a 10-item non-language based pictorial scale that measures general well-being within the unique human environment field process. Each item on the scale has a numeric value of I to 7, with 70 being the maximum score possible and 10 being the lowest score possible. Higher scores indicate higher well-being. Conceptually, the instrument appraises the energy field in regard to frequency and intensity of movement, awareness of oneself as energy, action emanating from the energy field, and power as kno wing participation in change within the mutual human and environmental energy field process. The WPS was reported by all participants to be easily understood (Reis and Alligood, 2008). This scale can be used by all individuals regardless of their ethnic groups. How these tools enhance the assessment phase and quality of health care Using the Beck Depression Inventory in the assessment phase of the nursing process will facilitate and aid the treatment of depression in all ages. This assessment tool will aid the early diagnosis of depression and reduce further complications of depression. Depression is common in Adolescents who are undergoing stress as a result of pregnancy, low self-esteem and diseases. The nurse can affect the quality of health care delivered to patients by reassuring them and referring them to  appropriate health care providers. Using Perceived Stress Scale in the assessment phase of the nursing process, the nurse is better able to identify patients at higher risk for stress, help these patients to identify and implement coping skills during difficult times. This process improves the quality of patient care and outcome. Pregnant adolescent undergoes a significant amount of stress and challenges as a vulnerable population. Using the Well Being Picture Scale in the assessment phase of the nursing process, the nurse is better able to detect a patient’s well-being and health. The nurse is able to detect if the patient is healthy or not. This is more of a primary prevention for patients of all ages. This assessment tool is mostly recommended for pregnant women. Health care providers are able to follow up with patients to monitor their wellness or impact of diagnosis on their general health. Application of tools to Adolescent pregnancy Adolescent girls face pressures that are unique to their population and make them especially vulnerable. Girls carry disproportionate domestic world burden and are denied leadership opportunities and active community affairs (Bailey, 2012). These factors made the life of adolescent girls stressful and complicated which could cause depression. Beck Depression Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale and Well-Being Scale are tools that can be used during the assessment phase of the nursing process in adolescents. Adolescent girls who become pregnant may develop depression while trying to balance school, child, work and relationships, thereby, making all three tools helpful to the nurse during initialInventory, Perceived Stress Scale and Well-Being Scale as assessment tools help facilitate better nurse-patient relationship and better care for our patients References Alligood, M. R., (2010). Nursing Theory: Utilization and Application. (4th ed.). Retrieved from University of Phoenix eBook database Collection. Bailey, L. D., (2012). Adolescent Girls: A Vulnerable Population. Journal of Advances in Neonatal Care, 12(2), 102-106. Retrieved from http://search.serialssolutions.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/?ctx_ver†¦.. Farinde, A., (2013). The Beck Depression Inventory. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2(1), 56-58. ISSN: 2277-7695. Retrieved from http://www.thepharmajournal.com Lee, E. H., (2012). Review of the Psychometric Evidence of the Perceived Stress Scale. Journal of Asian Nursing Research, 6(4), 121-127. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/1507280852?pq-origsite=simmon Potter, P. A. & Perry, A. G. (2005). Fundamentals of Nursing. (6th ed.). MO: Elservier Mosby Reis, P.J., and Alligood , M. R. (2008). Well-Being in Pregnancy: a plot study using the Well-being Picture Scale. Journal of Rogerian Nursing Science, 15(1), 8-17. Retrieved from http://av4kc7fg4g.search.serialssolutions.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/?ctx_ver†¦.